以佛学的涅槃思想诠释赫曼·赫塞在《流浪者之歌》所呈现的超验哲学

作者: 简诚信

【资料形态】硕博文库|中国台湾
【文献属性】[台湾]静宜大学，英国语文学系研究所2004年度，硕士学位论文
【文章标题】以佛学的涅盘思想诠释赫曼．赫塞在《流浪者之歌》所呈现的超验哲学
【英文标题】Buddhist Nirvana and Hermann Hesse’s Transcendental Philosophy in Siddhartha
【文章作者】简诚信
【指导教师】海柏
【文章页数】80页

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【中文关键词】赫曼?赫塞| 流浪者之歌|涅盘|物自身|康德|超越|佛性
【英文关键词】Hesse Hermann ; Siddhartha ; Nirvana ; Buddhist-nature ; Transcendence ; Things in Themselves ;

【中文摘要】赫曼?赫塞之小说《流浪者之歌》是他生平著作中呈现出受东方的哲学与宗教影响最显着的一本着作。本论文采用佛学的观点探究“流浪者之歌”中赫塞所呈现的自我观、本体论和超越哲学；再引用部分康德的哲学思想，阐述赫曼?赫塞在极具东方文化与宗教为背景的小说背后，与之相通的西方超越哲学观点。
第一章陈述作者与印度和佛教文化的渊源，并介绍佛教中的部分重要的主张。第二章由探讨“流浪者之歌”中作者对于自我的概念与诠释，引证作者与佛教思想上的关系；并藉此反驳批评家所述，作者仅是为了增加小说的传奇色彩，为小说主角命名与佛陀相同的名字。第三章分析“流浪者之歌”的本体观，藉由佛教的五蕴和康德的物自身，研究作者对于两层现实同存的本体观点。第四章藉由佛陀与悉达多的比较，论述作者试图调和东西方思想、宗教与哲学和超越论与经验论的矛盾；引用康德的超越唯心论检验作者是否在二律背反中找寻到调和的方法。第五章总结赫曼?赫塞以佛教菩萨道中的「悲智双运”作为悉达多达到涅盘的关键，同时也暗示着属于宗教的超越领域与逻辑的经验领域必须共同存有并且交融综合才能到达真正的启蒙与解脱。

【英文摘要】The culture of the ancient Hindus and the ancient Chinese had a great influence on Hermann Hesse’s works. The present thesis is an analysis of Hermann Hesse’s transcendental philosophy as illustrated in Siddhartha and the relationship of Hesse’s philosophy to Buddhism and Western transcendental philosophy.

Chapter One introduces part of Hermann Hesse’s life to demonstrate the Eastern influence within his novels. It isolates some Buddhist and Kantian concepts related to Hesse’s transcendental philosophy in Siddhartha.

Chapter Two deals with Hesse’s concept of self and relates it to the Buddhist concept of self, Buddha-nature. Through this comparison, it rejects Ziolkowski’s comment that Hesse seems merely to add an oriental exotic and legendary atmosphere to the novel.

Chapter Three examines Hesse’s ontological conceptions through a discussion of Buddhist concepts, mainly the “five aggregates,” and Kant’s transcendental idealism, and illustrates Hesse’s conception of “two realities.”

Chapter Four compares Siddhartha and Gotama Buddha to extend the contradiction between empiricism and transcendentalism, philosophy and religion, and West and East. Hesse’s transcendental philosophy synthesizes Eastern Buddhism and Western Kantian idealism. By investigation of Kantian transcendence, the discussion examines how Hesse transcends the gap that Siddhartha has questioned about Gotama Buddha and suggested a solution to the problem.

Chapter Five concludes that Hesse confirms the Path of the Bodhisattva, of possessing both compassion and wisdom, is the answer to attain Nirvana. It also implies that Hesse’s definition of enlightenment is to synthesize both religious transcendence and philosophical empiricism into a new consciousness.

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【论文目次】

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHINESE ABSTRACTi
ENGLISH ANSTRACTii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSiv

CHAPTER I： Introduction1
1.1 Hermann Hesse and Siddhartha2
1.2 The Transcendental Philosophy 7
CHAPTER II： Concept of Self19
2.1 Hesse’s Self 19
2.2 Path to the self28
CHAPTER III： Existence40
3.1 Illusionary Existence and True Existence41
3.2 Five Aggregates and Four Noble Truths49
CHAPTER IV： Transcendence63
4.1 The Twin 63
4.2 Kantian Transcendence69
CHAPTER V： Conclusion75
WORK CITED80

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